Automotive air conditioning hoses are flexible pipes that connect the various metal
components of a car's air conditioning system (compressor, condenser, evaporator, reservoir, and dryer).
They circulate refrigerant and refrigeration oil under both high and low pressures.
They must withstand not only extreme pressure and temperature
fluctuations but also the harsh environment of the engine compartment,
including oil, salt, ozone, and vibration.
A high-quality automotive air conditioning hose is more than just a simple rubber tube;
it's a "sandwich" structure composed of multiple layers of different materials,
each with its own unique function.